Nilton Romani

Here is a comprehensive financial historical report covering both Sudan and South Sudan, in International English:

Financial Historical Report of Sudan and South Sudan

The South Sudanese pound (SSP) was approved by the Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly prior to independence on 9 July 2011 and introduced on 18 July 2011, replacing the Sudanese pound at par. The Sudanese pound ceased to be legal tender in South Sudan on 1 September 2011.
The currency is subdivided into 100 piasters.
Initial coins were issued on 9 July 2015, in denominations of 10, 20, and 50 piasters. Bimetallic coins of SSP 1 and SSP 2 were introduced in 2016.
Banknotes feature John Garang de Mabior, the late leader of South Sudan’s independence movement.
Banknote denominations include SSP 0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, and 1,000.
In 2018, the SSP 500 note was introduced to ease cash transactions amid inflation; a SSP 1,000 note was issued in 2021 to address economic crisis.
Coins and banknotes are produced by the South African Mint.
The SSP has experienced rapid depreciation, from about SSP 2.75 per US dollar in 2011 to over SSP 2,000 per US dollar in recent years.

Banknotes depict John Garang on the obverse and South Sudanese wildlife and national symbols on the reverse, including giraffes, elephants, ostriches, and the Nile River.
Coins feature the national coat of arms and images such as oil rigs, shoebill storks, northern white rhinos, Nubian giraffes, and African shields.

Prior to independence, the Egyptian pound was widely used under Anglo-Egyptian rule.
The Sudanese pound was introduced in 1956, replacing the Egyptian pound at par.
The pound is subdivided into 100 piasters (Ù‚Ø±Ø´).
Due to hyperinflation, the Sudanese dinar (SDD) was introduced in 1992 but was discontinued in 2007 when the pound was reintroduced.
Sudan has faced persistent inflation and currency devaluation, with multiple monetary reforms.
Current denominations include coins of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 piasters and 1 pound, and banknotes of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 pounds.

Currency designs feature national emblems, historical monuments, and cultural motifs.
The Central Bank of Sudan has implemented security features to combat counterfeiting and modernize the currency.

South Sudan established its own currency upon independence in 2011, while Sudan continues to use the Sudanese pound.
Both currencies face economic challenges, including inflation and exchange rate volatility.
Currency designs reflect the distinct cultural and historical identities of each country.